Amide

Amide : An organic functional group that have carbonyl group linked to a nitrogen atom. In addition, compounds containing the O-C-N group are also called amide.

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Alloy

Alloy : A mixture of two or more elements or metal, at least one of them a metal, usually made to produce a metal with stronger properties.

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Varnish

Varnish is a paint containing a solvent and an oxidizing or evaporating binder, used to coat a surface with a hard, glossy, transparent film.

In other words, a paint having a preparation consisting of resinous matter, as copal or lac, dissolved in oil (oil varnish) or in alcohol (spirit varnish) or other volatile liquid.

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Pigment

Definition:

Pigment is dry coloring matter, usually an organic or inorganic insoluble powder, to be mixed with water, oil, or another base to produce paint or similar products. i e : Fe₂O₃, FeCl₃, ZnO, TiO₂, White lead etc.

Pigment properties:

• Suitable colour
• Film forming capacity
• Chemically inert at normal condition
• Nontoxic to inhabitants and painters
• Soluble in oil

The following are some of the attributes of pigments that determine their suitability for particular manufacturing processes and applications:

• Lightfastness and sensitivity for damage from ultra violet light
• Heat stability
• Toxicity
• Tinting strength
• Staining
• Dispersion
• Opacity or transparency
• Resistance to alkalis and acids
• Reactions and interactions between pigments

Functions of Pigments:

To provide color
To obliterate previous colors
To improve the strength of the paint film
To improve the adhesion of the paint film
To improve the durability and weathering properties
To reduce gloss
To modify flow and application properties 

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Paint

Paint is defined as a liquid mixture, usually of a solid pigment in a liquid vehicle, used as a decorative or protective coating.

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Alcohol

Alcohol : Any organic compounds which contains a -OH functional group.

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Acid

Acid : Acid is what that having pH less than 7 and release protons or hydrogen/hydroxyl inos and/or accepts electrons.

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Absorption

Absorption : The process by which one substance, such as a solid or liquid, takes up another substance, such as a liquid or gas, through minute pores or spaces between its molecules. A paper towel takes up water, and water takes up carbon dioxide, by absorption.

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Absolute Zero

Absolute Zero : The Zero point on the absolute temperature scale; -273.150C or 0 K; theoretically, the temperature at which molecular motion is at a minimum.

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